トランプ米大統領の支持者たちにより米連邦議会議事堂が襲撃・占拠され、5人が死亡した事件で、野党・民主党は大統領が「反乱を扇動」したとする弾劾条項を含む訴追決議案を作成した。
2021/1/10 米民主党、トランプ大統領の弾劾決議案を準備
野党民主党は1月11日、大統領が支持勢力を扇動したとして米憲法修正25条を適用して同氏を解任するようペンス副大統領に要求する決議案を下院本会議 に提出した。
憲法修正25条
第4節 副大統領および行政各部の長官の過半数または連邦議会が法律で定める他の機関の長の過半数が、上院の臨時議長および下院議長に対し、大統領がその職務上の権限と義務を遂行することができないという文書による申し立てを送付する時には、副大統領は直ちに大統領代理として、大統領職の権限と義務を遂行するものとする。
決議案はトランプ大統領の行動を批判し、副大統領に大統領代理として大統領職の権限と義務を遂行することを求める。
Resolved, That the House of Representatives calls upon Vice President Michael R. Pence--
(1) to immediately use his powers under section 4 of the 25th Amendment to convene and mobilize the principal officers of the executive departments in the Cabinet to declare what is obvious to a horrified Nation: That the President is unable to successfully discharge the duties and powers of his office; and
(2) to transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives notice that he will be immediately assuming the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.
民主党の下院院内総務は全会一致による賛同を求めたが、共和党議員が反対した。このため1月12日に改めて採決し、賛成多数で可決する見通し。
ペロシ下院議長は、決議後24時間以内にペンス副大統領が動かなかった場合、弾劾訴追の手続きを進めると表明した。
ペンス副大統領は25条発動の考えを否定している。ホワイトハウスの弁護士は調査の結果、この条項は重症、麻酔などでの就労不能の場合だとしている。
下院民主党は同日、トランプ大統領が支持者らによる連邦議会議事堂の襲撃・占拠事件を扇動したとして、大統領を罷免するため弾劾訴追決議案（起訴状に相当）を提出した。
提出された弾劾決議案は「反乱の扇動」（Incitement of Insurrection）と題する１条項で、議事堂侵入を焦点とし、大統領が暴動を扇動したと非難しているが、加えて、1月2日にジョージア州の州務長官に電話し、同州での大統領選の結果をひっくり返す票を見つけるよう伝え、脅したことなども挙げている。 （当初原稿から一部修正）
当初の案に加え、憲法修正14条第3節の文言を引用し、トランプは大統領になれないとしている。
Section 3 of 14th Amendment
No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any state, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.
提出された訴追決議案
Resolution
Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.
Resolved, that Donald John Trump, President of the United States, is impeached for high crimes and misdemeanors and that the following article of impeachment be exhibited to the United States Senate:
Article of impeachment exhibited by the House of Representatives of the United States of America in the name of itself and of the people of the United States of America, against Donald John Trump. President of the United States of America, in maintenance and support of its impeachment against him for high crimes and misdemeanors.
Article Ⅰ：Incitement of Insurrection
The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives "shall have the sole Power of Impeachment" and that the President "shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors". Further, section 3 of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution prohibits any person who has "engaged in insurrection or rebellion against" the United States from "holding any office... under the United States". In his conduct while President of the United States - and in violation of his constitutional oath faithfully to execute the office of President of the United States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States, and in violation of his constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully executed - Donald John Trump engaged in high Crimes and Misdemeanors by inciting violence against the Government of the United States, in that:
On January 6, 2021, pursuant to the Twelfth Amendment of the United States Constitution, the Vice President of the United States, the House of Representatives, and the Senate met at the United States Capitol for a Joint Session of Congress to count the votes of the Electoral College. Shortly before the Joint Session commenced, President Trump repeatedly issued false statements asserting that the Presidential election results were the product of widespread fraud and should not be accepted by the American people or certified by State or Federal officials. Shortly before the Joint Session commenced, President Trump, addressed a crowd at the Ellipse in Washington, DC. There, he reiterated false claims that "we won this election, and we won it by a landslide".
He also willfully made statements that, in context, encouraged - and foreseeably resulted in - lawless actions at the Capitol, such as: "if you don't fight like hell you're not going to have a county anymore". Thus incited by President Trump, members of the crowd he had addressed, in an attempt to, among other objectives, interfere with the Joint Session's solemn constitutional duty to certify the results of the 2020 Presidential election, unlawfully breached and vandalized the Capitol, injured and killed law enforcement personnel, menaced Members of Congress, the Vice President, and Congressional personnel, and engaged in other violent, deadly, destructive, and seditious acts.
President Trump's conduct on January 6, 2021, followed his prior efforts to subvert and obstruct the certification of the results of the 2020 Presidential election. Those prior efforts included a phone call on January 2, 2021, in which President Trump urged Secretary of State of Georgia, Brad Raffensperger, to "find" enough votes to overrun the Georgia presidential election results and threatened Secretary Raffensperger if he failed to do so.In all of this, President Trump gravely endangered the security of the United States and its institutions of Government. He threatened the integrity of the democratic system, interfered with the peaceful transition of power, and imperiled a coordinate branch of Government. He thereby betrayed his trust as President, to the manifest injury of the people of the United States.
Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated that he will remain a threat to national security, democracy, and the Constitution if allowed to remain in office, and has acted in a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law. Donald John Trump thus warrants impeachment and trial, removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under the United States.
ペロシ下院議長は声明で「米国に対する大統領の脅威は差し迫っており、われわれの対応もまた同様だ」と述べ、政権がトランプ氏解任に動かなければ弾劾へ進む意向を強調した。
弾劾決議案の本会議での採決は早ければ13日に行われ、過半数の賛成でトランプ氏は弾劾訴追される。
但し、下院で可決した場合でも、上院での次期政権の閣僚の指名承認手続きを優先させるため、上院への送付は遅らせる。バイデン次期大統領が就任して100日後以降に開始との案が出ている。
現時点で上院運営の主導権を握る共和党トップのマコネル院内総務はトランプ政権下で裁判を行わない方針を周辺に伝えた。
（ジョージア州での決戦で当選した民主党の2名は、まだ正式に認定されておらず、就任していない。）
トランプ大統領は1月20日に任期切れを迎えるが、議会調査局は公職を離れた後でも弾劾裁判を開くことができるとしている。
上院の弾劾裁判で3分の2の賛成で（退任後の）トランプ氏を有罪とした後、上院は過半数の賛成でトランプ氏に今後公職に就く資格を剝奪する採決を行うことができる。
トランプ氏の2024年の大統領選への再出馬を阻める。
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